Autor(es): Ian Vázquez Rowe, Ramzy Kahhat Abedrabbo, Gustavo Larrea Gallegos, Kurt Ziegler Rodríguez
Ir al enlaceAutor(es): Daniel Verán Leigh, Ian Vázquez Rowe
Ir al enlaceAutor(es): Daniel Verán Leigh, Gustavo Larrea Gallegos, Ian Vázquez Rowe
Ir al enlaceAutor(es): Ian Vázquez Rowe, Kurt Ziegler Rodríguez, Isabel Quispe Trinidad, Ramzy Kahhat Abedrabbo y otros
Ir al enlaceAutor(es): Ian Vázquez Rowe y otros
Ir al enlaceAutor(es): Marco Gusukuma Higa, Ramzy Kahhat Abedrabbo
As with every technology, televisions (TV) are prone to replacement due to technological evolution of the equipment itself (e.g. CRTs to flat panels) or the system (e.g. signal). While the former is commonly a gradual change that depends on the consumer, the latter could be sudden, as it depends on national regulations. When an abrupt change happens, it can generate an abnormal volume of equipment at the end of life. Thus, the principal motivation of this research is to estimate the amount of CRT TV sets that will be stored by users in 2025, the end of the analog switch-off (ASO) in Peru. Dynamic Material Flow Analysis (D-MFA) was applied to estimate flows and stocks of CRTs from residential, business and public sources between 2005 and 2017. Because of data constraints in the Business and Public (B&P) sector, two scenarios were modeled to lower the uncertainty of the estimated number of TV sets. Results show that between 2.6 and 5.7 million CRT TV units, equivalent to 41,100 and 68,200 metric tons of leaded glass and 4500 and 8000 metric tons of lead, were placed in residential and B&P facilities in 2017 and will have become obsolete at the end of ASO. Projections for 2025, the final ASO year, indicate that between 0.27 and 5.86 million CRT TV units will be stored in those places. If planned correctly, resources embedded in CRT TV could create an urban mining opportunity, but an inadequate waste management plan that excludes appropriate recycling technologies could generate significant environmental impacts.
Ir al enlaceAutor(es): Gustavo Larrea Gallegos, Ian Vázquez Rowe, Ramzy Kahhat Abedrabbo y otros
Ir al enlaceAutor(es): Ian Vázquez Rowe y otros
Reducing food losses (FL) has been identified as an essential means of increasing food security, while reducing pressure on natural resources. To assess the reliability of future strategies to reduce and manage FL along the food supply chain (FSC), not only their quantification but also the ‘qualification’ in both economic and nutritional terms must be considered. The methodology proposed in this work allows to quantify FL at the distinct stages of the FSC (agricultural production, postharvest and storage, processing, distribution, households and extradomestic consumption). In addition, economic and nutritional FL are estimated. A Nutritional Food Losses Footprint (NFLF) index is proposed to assess and balance the variables described. This index is used to define food recovery strategies focused on those food categories and stages of the FSC with lesser efficiency. NFLF distinguishes between food losses from cradle to gate (FL-ctog) and food losses from gate to grave (FL-gtog) depending on the scope of the analysis. The former provides information to producers, while the latter creates awareness among consumers. Furthermore, the potential for FL reduction is estimated through the quantification of avoidable and unavoidable FL. Our study is focused on the Mediterranean region, in particular on Spain. Almost 20% of the national food production is estimated to be lost or wasted. Vegetables, fruits and meat result the food categories less efficient. Household consumption is the main responsible of FL generation, followed by agricultural production. Each Spanish citizen is estimated to throw away around 180€ per year, while a 76% could be saved.
Ir al enlace